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P4028

Guide to Soybean Growth Stages

 Vegetative Growth Stages

VE Cotyledons emerged through the soil surface.
VC Cotyledons and unifoliate leaves fully expanded.
V1 One node with fully developed trifoliate leaves.
V2 Two nodes with fully developed trifoliate leaves.
V3 Three nodes with fully developed trifoliate leaves.
V(n) (n) number of nodes with fully developed trifoliate leaves.

Reproductive Growth Stages

R1 First flower anywhere on the plant.
R2 A flower at one of the two uppermost nodes.
R3 3/16-inch-long pod in one of the upper four nodes.
R4 3/4-inch-long pod in one of the upper four nodes.
R5 Beginning of seed development with seed 1/8 inch long in a pod at one of the upper four nodes.
R6 Full seed with pod containing seed that completely fill the pod cavity at one of the upper four nodes.
R6.5 Pod containing seed that completely separate from the protective membrane of the pod wall at one of the upper four nodes.
R7 One pod of mature color anywhere on the main stem.
R8 Full maturity: 95% of pods have reached mature pod color. Additional drying time needed before reaching seed moisture content desired for harvest.

Publication 4028 (POD-07-24)

By Trent Irby, PhD, Extension Associate Director and Professor; Brittany Elliott, Extension Associate II; Garrett Oswalt, Extension Associate II; and Paul O’Neal, Extension Technician, Plant and Soil Sciences.

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P4028

Guide to Soybean Growth Stages

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