P2490

Beef Cattle Water Requirements and Source Management

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Water is the most abundant and essential nutrient for beef cattle, required for critical body functions such as temperature regulation, growth, reproduction, digestion, and waste removal, with intake needs varying significantly based on factors like temperature, humidity, animal size, breed, diet, and physiological state (e.g., lactation, pregnancy). This publication emphasizes that cattle must have continuous access to clean water, as inadequate supply leads to reduced feed intake, poor performance, and, in severe cases, dehydration or death, while also noting that Brahman-influence cattle may tolerate short-term water shortages better than other breeds. Effective water source management—including strategic placement, maintaining quality, and ensuring sufficient supply—is crucial for optimizing cattle health and productivity, with additional consideration given to seasonal challenges, water temperature effects, and the risks of contamination from poor-quality or stagnant sources. This publication also provides practical guidance on trough and pasture system design, monitoring consumption, and addressing water quality issues to support cattle welfare and efficient operation management. 

You can also contact state Extension specialists or your local Extension office for answers to specific questions.

The information given here is for educational purposes only. References to commercial products, trade names, or suppliers are made with the understanding that no endorsement is implied and that no discrimination against other products or suppliers is intended.

Publication 2490 (POD-07-25)

Revised by Brandi Karisch, PhD, Associate Extension/Research Professor, Animal and Dairy Sciences. Written by Jane A. Parish, PhD, Professor and Head, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center; and Justin D. Rhinehart, PhD, former Assistant Extension Professor.