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Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements

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Publication Number: P2528
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Nutrients Required by Beef Cattle

Beef cattle require nutrients to support body maintenance, reproduction, lactation, and growth. The nutritional needs of beef cattle vary by age, class, stage of production, performance level, and weight. Physiological and environmental stressors, such as sickness and weather, can also impact nutritional requirements.

Beef cattle need water, protein, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins. Of these nutrients, they require water in the greatest amounts daily. For more information on beef cattle water requirements, refer to Mississippi State University Extension Service Publication 2490 Beef Cattle Water Requirements and Source Management.

The second greatest need is energy, which is supplied by carbohydrates, fats, and protein. This publication reports energy values for total digestible nutrients, net energy for maintenance, and net energy for gain. Mississippi State University Extension Service Publication 2504 Energy in Beef Cattle Diets, contains a detailed discussion of beef cattle energy needs.

Protein is essential in beef cattle diets. This publication contains a table of crude protein values. Refer to Mississippi State University Extension Service Publication 2499 Protein in Beef Cattle Diets for information on the role of protein in beef cattle diets.

Of the nutrients listed above, beef cattle need minerals and vitamins in the smallest quantities, but they are essential to health and productivity. Mineral requirement values for calcium and phosphorus appear in this publication. Mississippi State University Extension Service Publication 2484 Mineral and Vitamin Nutrition for Beef Cattle outlines in detail calcium and phosphorus as well as other mineral and vitamin nutritional requirements of beef cattle.

Dry Matter Intake

While specific requirements for forage or feed intake do not exist, estimates of how much forage or feed animals will consume is needed for diet formulation and prediction of animal performance. This publication includes nutrient requirement tables that report dry matter intake and average daily gain values. Daily dry matter intake of forage and feed is the amount of forage and feed (excluding the moisture content) consumed in a day. Cattle require certain amounts of certain nutrients every day, such as protein, calcium, and vitamin A. To meet specific nutrient requirements, the percentage of nutrients in the diet for cattle is based on the quantities of forages and feeds consumed daily.

Many factors affect dry matter intake, including animal weight, condition, stage of production, milk production level, environmental conditions, forage quality, and amount and type of forage or feed offered. Forages typically make up the majority of cattle diets on both cow-calf and stocker cattle operations in Mississippi. Forage intake capacity is affected by stage of production and forage type and maturity (Table 1).

Forage Availability

Forage availability is the most important factor affecting forage intake on pasture. Insufficient available forage restricts intake. On high quality pasture, intake is typically adequate when available forage dry matter is at least 1000 to 1500 pounds per acre. Cattle harvest forages with their tongues, so very short forage can limit the amount of forage intake per bite (bite size). The animal has to walk farther and take more bites to consume an adequate level of forage. The extra walking allows less time for chewing and ruminating. When cattle are grazing short pasture, increased grazing time is often not enough to compensate for reduced bite size on forage intake.

The proportion of leaf to stem can greatly affect the bite size, as cattle prefer leaves. Higher proportions of stems effectively reduce bite size even if total forage available is adequate. When stocking rate is high, cattle on rotationally stocked pastures may be forced to consume more stem or low quality forage, which can reduce intake. In contrast, cattle on a continuously grazed pasture can be more selective unless the pasture is overstocked and has low forage availability. Warm-season perennial grasses, such as bermudagrass, bahiagrass, and dallisgrass, with a higher proportion of stem may require the animal to harvest more but in smaller bites to obtain the desired amount of forage. Cattle avoid dead material if green leaf is available, and bite size may be restricted as the grazing animal seeks out green leaves.

Palatability

Palatability refers to how acceptable a forage or feed is to an animal. Animals may spend time seeking out certain forage species and avoiding others, which affects bite size and effective forage availability. Cattle generally prefer grasses over clover and alfalfa. The tannins found in forages such as arrowleaf clover can reduce palatability. Nitrogen fertilization will generally increase forage protein content and can increase forage palatability. Cattle prefer certain feed ingredients as well. For example, newly arrived stocker calves usually prefer dry feeds to wet feeds, such as silages. Cattle may even refuse extremely moldy or otherwise unpalatable feeds. Palatability problems with hay or feed can increase feed waste.

Feeding Drive

If adequate forage is available, increased feeding drive usually increases forage intake. Body size, lactation level, growth rate, age, sex, and environmental factors all affect an animal’s demand for nutrients. Lactating beef cattle can consume 35 to 50 percent more dry matter than nonlactating cattle of the same size on the same diet. Cattle with greater milk-producing ability often also have increased feed intake needs. Body composition, particularly the amount of body fat, can impact feed intake. Dry matter intake decreases once cattle exceed a certain degree of condition. Specifically, there is about a 2.7 percent decrease in dry matter intake for each 1 percent increase in body fat past the range of 21.3 to 31.5 percent body fat. Diligent feed intake monitoring can help determine when cattle have reached appropriate finish condition.

Physical Satiety

Physical satiety is the degree of “fullness” or distention of the digestive tract or abdomen caused by the volume of digesta in the tract. It is affected by forage quality, which determines how rapidly forage moves through the digestive tract. For example, intake on low quality bermudagrass will typically be lower than on annual ryegrass or white clover because bermudagrass remains in the rumen much longer. The beef animal’s digestive tract breaks down annual ryegrass and white clover quickly, absorbs the nutrients, and rapidly passes the small amount of residue through the digestive tract. Forage intake can be limited by the capacity of the digestive tract because receptors in the rumen wall are sensitive to stretch. Yet factors other than gut capacity may influence rate of digestion and intake.

Intake by beef cattle fed high-concentrate, grain-based diets is likely controlled by metabolic factors, not bulk fill. Feedlot cattle may increase their dry matter intake in response to a change in the level of bulky roughage (by as little as 5 percent or less of dry matter) or a shift to a more fibrous roughage. Percentage of dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) supplied by roughage appears to be useful for predicting effects of roughage quantity and source on dry matter intake. In general, as NDF levels increase, dry matter intake decreases.

Toxic Factors

There is considerable evidence that cattle can learn to avoid toxic or imbalanced feeds and to choose between two feeds of different nutritional value in order to avoid nutrient excesses or deficiencies. For example, cattle will graze a shorter time without changing bite size on toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue than on endophyte-free or nontoxic endophyte infected tall fescue. Selenium, cyanide (from prussic acid), or an alkaloid (for example, from toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue) can severely reduce intake.

Nutrient Deficiencies

Intake can be depressed whenever feed is deficient in essential nutrients, particularly protein. Nitrogen deficiency is common in cattle consuming low-nitrogen, high-fiber forage. Correcting this deficiency with supplemental nitrogen (protein) can increase dry matter intake substantially. Supplementing with protein helps increase intake when forage crude protein levels fall below 6 to 8 percent. Low protein levels are most commonly seen in poor quality forage with inadequate nitrogen fertilization. Supplementing with grain-based concentrate feeds tends to decrease forage intake, and forage intake drops more with high-quality forages than with low-quality forages.

Feed Physical Form

The physical form of feeds and forages can impact feed intake. With forage, fine grinding can improve intake, possibly by allowing it to pass through the digestive tract more rapidly. However, fine grinding of concentrate feeds can decrease feed intake.

Ionophore Use

Monensin is an ionophore used in beef cattle diets that helps improve cattle growth and efficiency. Beef cattle may drop dry matter intake by approximately 4 to 6 percent when fed monensin at recommended levels. Monensin can be added to receiving rations at levels required for coccidiosis control without affecting feed intake of lightweight calves. Monensin can reduce feed intake variation among individuals in group-fed cattle. Other ionophores, such as lasalocid, have limited effects on feed intake.

Implant Use

Growth-promoting implants tend to increase feed intake by 4 to 16 percent. The actual increase in feed intake may depend upon the animal’s stage of growth at the time the implant is administered. Dry matter intake predictions should be decreased by about 8 percent for non-implanted cattle.

Environment

Extreme temperatures and weather can impact feed intake. The thermal neutral zone is the effective temperature range within which performance rate and efficiency are maximized. As temperatures rise above the animal’s thermal neutral zone upper critical temperature, the point at which heat stress begins, dry matter intake falls (Figure 1). As temperatures drop below the animal’s thermal neutral zone lower critical temperature, the point at which cold stress begins, dry matter intake increases. Temperature-based stress on cattle impacts energetic efficiency.

The effects of temperature on feed intake depend upon the animal’s thermal susceptibility, acclimation to the conditions, and diet. Mud, precipitation, humidity, and wind heighten temperature effects on feed intake (Table 2). The duration of these adverse conditions and the photoperiod, or length of daylight, may also influence feed intake. Breed also strongly influences how environmental conditions affect feed intake. Adaptability of cattle to the environment can impact feed intake and cattle productivity.

Management

Management can impact feed intake levels in beef cattle. Commingled newly weaned calves tend to consume more dry matter in the first weeks after weaning. Management practices such as programmed feeding, multiple feed deliveries per day, and consistent timing of feed delivery help regulate feeding behavior and reduce variations in feed intake by penned cattle. However, the effectiveness of these practices is typically evaluated by the pen and does not usually account for individual variation.

Individual Animal Variation

There is considerable individual animal variation in feed intake beyond what would be predicted based on size and growth rate. This difference in intake is called net or residual feed intake (RFI). Genetic variation in RFI of beef cattle exists both during growth and in adult cattle. Residual feed intake is moderately heritable, indicating that genetic improvement can be made through selection. From a cost production standpoint, a lower RFI value is more desirable. An animal with a negative RFI is more efficient because it consumes less feed than expected, while a positive-RFI animal is less efficient because it consumes more feed than expected.

Nutrient Requirement Tables

Data provided in the following nutrient requirement tables can assist producers in determining specific beef cattle nutrient requirements (Tables 3–14). The values listed in the tables serve as a general guide for matching forage and feeding programs to cattle nutrient needs. Actual nutrient requirements vary depending on many animal and environmental factors. Monitor body condition and weight in mature cattle and growth rates of growing cattle to make adjustments to cattle diets to achieve desired performance results.

Dry matter intake values are estimates based on published prediction equations. These predictions assume that adequate protein is supplied in the diet for maximum rumen fermentation. If the diet is deficient in protein, the dry matter intake values will overestimate actual cattle consumption.

Tabular values are intended for healthy, unstressed cattle in good body condition. Thin cattle need additional nutrients to improve body condition. Cattle under stresses, such as weather extremes or physical exertion, also require extra energy for maintenance.

Table 1. Forage intake capacity of beef cows.1

Forage Type and Maturity

Stage of Production

Forage Dry Matter Intake Capacity (% of body weight)

Low quality forage (< 52% total digestible nutrients)

Non-lactating

1.8

Lactating

2.2

Average quality forage (52 to 59% total digestible nutrients)

Non-lactating

2.2

Lactating

2.5

High quality forage (> 59% total digestible nutrients)

Non-lactating

2.5

Lactating

2.7

Lush, growing pasture

Non-lactating

2.5

Lactating

2.7

Silage

Non-lactating

2.5

Lactating

2.7

""

Figure 1. Effects of temperature on beef cattle maintenance, gain, and intake. TNZ = Thermal Neutral Zone. Source: Adapted from Taylor, 1994.

 

Table 2. Dry matter intake adjustment factors for specific environmental conditions.1

Environmental Condition

Dry Matter Intake Adjustment Factor1

Temperature, degrees Fahrenheit

> 95 with no night cooling

.65

> 95 with night cooling

.90

77 to 95

.90

59 to 77

1.00

41 to 59

1.03

23 to 41

1.05

5 to 23

1.07

< 5

1.16

Mud, inches

None

1.00

Mild, 3.9 to 7.9

.85

Severe, 11.8 to 23.6

.70

1Multiply this factor by predicted dry matter intake to determine adjusted dry matter intake for the specific environmental condition. Source: NRC, 1987. Adapted from Predicting Feed Intake of Food-Producing Animals.

 

Table 3. Nutrient requirements of mature beef cows (900 lb mature weight).1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

10 lb peak milk

1

8.3

900

20.2

2.2

56.4

.55

8.9

.24

.16

11.4

11.1

1.79

.049

.033

2

10.0

900

20.6

2.3

56.8

.57

9.3

.26

.17

11.7

11.7

1.92

.053

.035

3

9.0

901

21.4

2.4

54.7

.53

8.6

.24

.16

11.7

11.3

1.84

.051

.035

4

7.2

902

21.0

2.3

53.8

.51

8.1

.22

.15

11.3

10.8

1.70

.046

.031

5

5.4

904

20.5

2.3

52.7

.50

7.7

.20

.14

10.8

10.2

1.57

.042

.029

6

3.9

907

20.2

2.2

52.0

.49

7.2

.18

.13

10.5

9.8

1.45

.037

.026

20 lb peak milk

1

16.7

900

22.6

2.5

60.2

.61

10.8

.30

.19

13.6

13.8

2.44

.068

.044

2

20.0

900

23.5

2.6

61.7

.63

11.5

.33

.22

14.5

14.9

2.70

.077

.051

3

18.0

901

23.8

2.6

59.2

.60

10.7

.31

.19

14.1

14.3

2.54

.073

.046

4

14.4

902

22.9

2.5

57.6

.57

9.9

.28

.18

13.2

13.1

2.26

.064

.042

5

10.8

904

21.9

2.4

55.7

.55

9.1

.25

.17

12.2

12.0

1.99

.055

.037

6

7.8

907

21.1

2.3

54.5

.52

8.3

.22

.16

11.5

11.0

1.76

.046

.033

30 lb peak milk

1

25.0

900

24.9

2.8

63.5

.66

12.4

.35

.23

15.8

16.5

3.09

.088

.057

2

30.0

900

26.3

2.9

65.4

.69

13.2

.38

.24

17.2

18.2

3.48

.101

.064

3

27.0

901

26.3

2.9

62.7

.65

12.3

.36

.23

16.5

17.2

3.24

.095

.060

4

21.6

902

24.8

2.7

60.9

.63

11.4

.33

.21

15.1

15.5

2.83

.082

.053

5

16.2

904

23.4

2.6

58.5

.59

10.3

.29

.19

13.7

13.7

2.41

.068

.044

6

11.7

907

22.2

2.4

56.3

.55

9.3

.26

.17

12.5

12.3

2.06

.057

.037

10, 20, 30 lb peak milk

7

0.0

911

18.0

2.0

46.7

.40

6.5

.16

.12

8.4

7.2

1.17

.029

.022

8

0.0

918

18.3

2.0

47.0

.40

6.6

.16

.12

8.6

7.4

1.20

.029

.022

9

0.0

929

18.7

2.0

47.6

.42

6.7

.16

.12

8.9

7.8

1.25

.029

.022

10

0.0

944

19.4

2.1

49.0

.43

6.9

.24

.15

9.5

8.4

1.33

.046

.029

11

0.0

966

19.4

2.0

51.5

.48

7.6

.24

.15

10.0

9.3

1.47

.046

.029

12

0.0

997

19.7

2.0

55.3

.54

8.6

.23

.15

10.9

10.7

1.70

.046

.029

1To maintain moderate body condition

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 4. Nutrient requirements of mature beef cows (1,000 lb mature weight).1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

10 lb peak milk

1

8.2

1,000

21.6

2.2

55.8

.55

8.7

.24

.17

12.1

11.9

1.88

.052

.037

2

10.0

1,000

22.1

2.2

56.6

.56

9.1

.25

.17

12.5

12.4

2.01

.055

.038

3

9.0

1,002

23.0

2.3

54.3

.52

8.4

.23

.16

12.5

12.0

1.93

.053

.037

4

7.2

1,003

22.5

2.2

53.4

.51

8.0

.22

.15

12.0

11.5

1.79

.050

.034

5

5.4

1,005

22.1

2.2

52.5

.49

7.5

.20

.14

11.6

10.8

1.66

.044

.031

6

3.9

1,009

21.7

2.2

51.8

.48

7.1

.19

.14

11.2

10.4

1.55

.041

.030

20 lb peak milk

1

16.7

1,000

24.0

2.4

59.6

.60

10.5

.30

.20

14.3

14.4

2.53

.072

.048

2

20.0

1,000

25.0

2.5

60.9

.62

11.2

.32

.21

15.2

15.5

2.80

.080

.053

3

18.0

1,002

25.4

2.5

58.6

.59

10.4

.30

.19

14.9

15.0

2.64

.076

.048

4

14.4

1,003

24.4

2.4

57.0

.56

9.7

.27

.18

13.9

13.7

2.35

.066

.044

5

10.8

1,005

23.5

2.3

55.4

.54

8.9

.24

.17

13.0

12.7

2.08

.056

.040

6

7.8

1,009

22.7

2.3

54.0

.52

8.2

.22

.15

12.3

11.8

1.85

.050

.034

30 lb peak milk

1

25.0

1,000

26.4

2.6

62.8

.65

12.1

.35

.22

16.6

17.2

3.18

.092

.058

2

30.0

1,000

27.8

2.8

64.5

.68

12.9

.38

.24

17.9

18.9

3.58

.106

.067

3

27.0

1,002

27.8

2.8

62.1

.64

12.0

.35

.22

17.3

17.8

3.34

.097

.061

4

21.6

1,003

26.4

2.6

60.1

.61

11.1

.32

.21

15.9

16.1

2.92

.084

.055

5

16.2

1,005

24.9

2.5

57.9

.58

10.0

.28

.19

14.4

14.4

2.50

.070

.047

6

11.7

1,009

23.7

2.3

55.9

.55

9.1

.25

.17

13.2

13.0

2.15

.059

.040

1To maintain moderate body condition

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 5. Nutrient requirements of mature beef cows (1,100 lb mature weight).1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

10 lb peak milk

1

8.3

1,100

23.1

2.1

55.6

.54

8.5

.24

.16

12.8

12.5

1.97

.055

.037

2

10.0

1,100

23.5

2.1

56.3

.55

8.9

.26

.17

13.2

13.0

2.10

.060

.040

3

9.0

1,102

24.5

2.2

54.1

.52

8.2

.22

.16

13.3

12.7

2.02

.055

.040

4

7.2

1,103

24.1

2.2

53.2

.50

7.8

.21

.15

12.8

12.1

1.89

.051

.037

5

5.4

1,105

23.6

2.1

52.3

.49

7.4

.19

.14

12.3

11.6

1.75

.046

.033

6

3.9

1,108

23.3

2.1

51.6

.48

7.0

.19

.13

12.0

11.2

1.64

.044

.031

20 lb peak milk

1

16.7

1,100

25.4

2.3

59.1

.60

10.3

.30

.20

15.0

15.2

2.62

.075

.051

2

20.0

1,100

26.4

2.4

60.4

.62

10.9

.32

.21

15.9

16.3

2.88

.084

.055

3

18.0

1,102

26.9

2.4

58.1

.58

10.1

.29

.19

15.6

15.6

2.73

.077

.051

4

14.4

1,103

26.0

2.4

56.6

.56

9.4

.26

.18

14.7

14.5

2.45

.068

.046

5

10.8

1,105

25.0

2.3

55.0

.53

8.7

.24

.17

13.8

13.3

2.17

.060

.042

6

7.8

1,108

24.2

2.2

53.7

.51

8.1

.22

.15

13.0

12.4

1.95

.053

.037

30 lb peak milk

1

25.0

1,100

27.8

2.5

62.2

.64

11.8

.34

.22

17.3

17.9

3.27

.095

.062

2

30.0

1,100

29.2

2.7

63.9

.67

12.5

.37

.23

18.7

19.5

3.66

.108

.068

3

27.0

1,102

29.4

2.7

61.5

.63

11.7

.34

.22

18.1

18.6

3.43

.099

.064

4

21.6

1,103

27.9

2.5

59.5

.60

10.8

.31

.20

16.6

16.8

3.01

.086

.057

5

16.2

1,105

26.4

2.4

57.4

.57

9.8

.28

.19

15.2

15.1

2.59

.073

.049

6

11.7

1,108

25.3

2.3

55.6

.54

8.9

.25

.17

14.1

13.7

2.25

.062

.042

10, 20, 30 lb peak milk

7

0.0

1,114

20.9

1.9

46.8

.40

6.5

.16

.12

9.8

8.4

1.36

.033

.026

8

0.0

1,122

21.2

1.9

47.2

.41

6.6

.16

.12

10.0

8.7

1.40

.033

.026

9

0.0

1,135

21.8

1.9

47.9

.42

6.7

.15

.12

10.4

9.1

1.45

.033

.026

10

0.0

1,154

22.6

2.0

48.9

.44

6.9

.24

.15

11.1

9.9

1.56

.055

.035

11

0.0

1,181

22.5

1.9

52.1

.49

7.7

.24

.16

11.7

11.0

1.73

.055

.035

12

0.0

1,218

23.0

1.9

56.0

.55

8.7

.24

.15

12.9

12.6

2.00

.055

.035

1To maintain moderate body condition

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 6. Nutrient requirements of mature beef cows (1,200 lb mature weight).1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

10 lb peak milk

1

8.3

1,200

24.4

2.0

55.3

.54

8.4

.24

.17

13.5

13.2

2.06

.059

.041

2

10.0

1,200

24.9

2.1

56.0

.55

8.8

.25

.17

13.9

13.7

2.19

.062

.042

3

9.0

1,202

26.0

2.2

53.7

.51

8.1

.23

.16

14.0

13.3

2.11

.060

.042

4

7.2

1,203

25.6

2.1

52.9

.50

7.7

.21

.15

13.5

12.8

1.98

.054

.038

5

5.4

1,205

25.1

2.1

52.1

.49

7.3

.20

.14

13.1

12.3

1.84

.050

.035

6

3.9

1,209

24.8

2.1

51.5

.48

7.0

.19

.14

12.8

11.9

1.74

.047

.035

20 lb peak milk

1

16.7

1,200

26.8

2.2

58.7

.59

10.1

.29

.19

15.7

15.8

2.71

.078

.051

2

20.0

1,200

27.8

2.3

59.9

.61

10.7

.31

.21

16.7

17.0

2.97

.086

.058

3

18.0

1,202

28.4

2.4

57.6

.57

9.9

.29

.19

16.4

16.2

2.82

.082

.054

4

14.4

1,203

27.4

2.3

56.2

.55

9.3

.26

.18

15.4

15.1

2.53

.071

.049

5

10.8

1,205

26.5

2.2

54.7

.53

8.5

.24

.17

14.5

14.0

2.26

.064

.045

6

7.8

1,209

25.7

2.1

53.4

.51

7.9

.22

.15

13.7

13.1

2.04

.057

.039

30 lb peak milk

1

25.0

1,200

29.2

2.4

61.6

.64

11.5

.34

.22

18.0

18.7

3.36

.099

.064

2

30.0

1,200

30.6

2.6

63.2

.66

12.3

.36

.23

19.3

20.2

3.75

.110

.070

3

27.0

1,202

30.8

2.6

60.8

.62

11.4

.34

.22

18.7

19.1

3.51

.105

.068

4

21.6

1,203

29.4

2.4

59.0

.59

10.6

.31

.20

17.3

17.3

3.10

.091

.059

5

16.2

1,205

27.9

2.3

57.0

.56

9.6

.27

.18

15.9

15.6

2.68

.075

.050

6

11.7

1,209

26.7

2.2

55.2

.54

8.8

.25

.17

14.7

14.4

2.34

.067

.045

10, 20, 30 lb peak milk

7

0.0

1,215

24.2

2.0

44.9

.37

6.0

.15

.12

10.9

9.0

1.45

.036

.029

8

0.0

1,224

24.1

2.0

45.8

.38

6.2

.15

.12

11.0

9.2

1.49

.036

.029

9

0.0

1,238

24.0

1.9

47.1

.41

6.5

.15

.12

11.3

9.8

1.56

.036

.029

10

0.0

1,259

23.9

1.9

49.3

.44

7.0

.26

.16

11.8

10.5

1.67

.062

.038

11

0.0

1,288

24.1

1.9

52.3

.49

7.7

.25

.16

12.6

11.8

1.86

.060

.039

12

0.0

1,329

24.6

1.9

56.2

.55

8.8

.25

.16

13.8

13.5

2.16

.062

.039

1To maintain moderate body condition

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 7. Nutrient requirements of mature beef cows (1,300 lb mature weight).1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

10 lb peak milk

1

8.3

1,300

25.8

2.0

55.0

.53

8.3

.23

.16

14.2

13.8

2.15

.060

.042

2

10.0

1,300

26.3

2.0

55.9

.54

8.7

.24

.17

14.7

14.3

2.28

.064

.046

3

9.0

1,302

27.5

2.1

53.5

.51

8.0

.23

.16

14.7

14.0

2.20

.062

.044

4

7.2

1,303

27.0

2.1

52.6

.50

7.6

.21

.16

14.2

13.4

2.06

.057

.042

5

5.4

1,306

26.6

2.0

51.9

.48

7.3

.20

.15

13.8

12.9

1.93

.053

.040

6

3.9

1,310

26.3

2.0

51.3

.48

6.9

.19

.14

13.5

12.5

1.82

.051

.037

20 lb peak milk

1

16.7

1,300

28.2

2.2

58.5

.59

9.9

.29

.20

16.5

16.5

2.80

.082

.055

2

20.0

1,300

29.1

2.2

59.5

.60

10.5

.30

.21

17.3

17.6

3.06

.088

.060

3

18.0

1,302

29.9

2.3

57.2

.57

9.7

.28

.19

17.1

16.9

2.91

.084

.057

4

14.4

1,303

28.9

2.2

56.1

.55

9.1

.26

.18

16.2

15.8

2.63

.075

.051

5

10.8

1,306

28.0

2.1

54.3

.52

8.4

.24

.16

15.2

14.6

2.35

.066

.046

6

7.8

1,310

27.2

2.1

53.3

.50

7.8

.22

.15

14.5

13.7

2.13

.060

.042

30 lb peak milk

1

25.0

1,300

30.6

2.4

61.1

.63

11.3

.33

.22

18.7

19.2

3.45

.101

.066

2

30.0

1,300

32.0

2.5

62.8

.65

12.0

.36

.23

20.1

20.8

3.84

.115

.073

3

27.0

1,302

32.3

2.5

60.4

.62

11.2

.33

.21

19.5

19.9

3.61

.106

.068

4

21.6

1,303

30.8

2.4

58.8

.59

10.4

.30

.20

18.1

18.1

3.19

.093

.062

5

16.2

1,306

29.4

2.3

56.5

.56

9.4

.27

.19

16.6

16.4

2.77

.079

.055

6

11.7

1,310

28.2

2.2

55.0

.53

8.6

.24

.17

15.5

15.0

2.43

.068

.049

10, 20, 30 lb peak milk

7

0.0

1,316

23.8

1.8

47.1

.40

6.5

.17

.13

11.2

9.5

1.54

.040

.031

8

0.0

1,326

24.2

1.8

47.1

.40

6.4

.17

.13

11.4

9.8

1.58

.040

.031

9

0.0

1,342

24.8

1.8

48.0

.42

6.7

.16

.13

11.9

10.4

1.66

.040

.031

10

0.0

1,364

25.8

1.9

48.8

.44

6.9

.26

.16

12.6

11.3

1.78

.066

.042

11

0.0

1,396

25.6

1.8

52.3

.49

7.8

.26

.16

13.4

12.6

1.99

.066

.042

12

0.0

1,440

26.1

1.8

56.3

.56

8.9

.25

.16

14.7

14.5

2.31

.066

.042

1To maintain moderate body condition

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 8. Nutrient requirements of mature beef cows (1,400 lb mature weight).1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

10 lb peak milk

1

8.3

1,400

27.1

1.9

54.9

.53

8.2

.23

.17

14.9

14.4

2.23

.062

.046

2

10.0

1,400

27.6

2.0

55.5

.54

8.6

.25

.17

15.3

14.9

2.36

.069

.047

3

9.0

1,402

28.9

2.1

53.3

.51

7.9

.23

.16

15.4

14.7

2.29

.066

.046

4

7.2

1,403

28.5

2.0

52.5

.49

7.6

.21

.15

15.0

14.0

2.15

.060

.043

5

5.4

1,406

28.0

2.0

51.8

.48

7.2

.20

.15

14.5

13.4

2.01

.056

.042

6

3.9

1,410

27.7

2.0

51.2

.47

6.9

.19

.14

14.2

13.0

1.91

.053

.039

20 lb peak milk

1

16.7

1,400

29.5

2.1

58.0

.58

9.8

.28

.19

17.1

17.1

2.88

.083

.056

2

20.0

1,400

30.5

2.2

59.1

.60

10.3

.30

.20

18.0

18.3

3.14

.092

.061

3

18.0

1,402

31.3

2.2

56.8

.56

9.6

.28

.19

17.8

17.5

2.99

.088

.059

4

14.4

1,403

30.3

2.2

55.5

.54

8.9

.26

.18

16.8

16.4

2.71

.079

.055

5

10.8

1,406

29.4

2.1

54.1

.52

8.3

.24

.17

15.9

15.3

2.44

.071

.050

6

7.8

1,410

28.6

2.0

53.0

.50

7.7

.22

.16

15.2

14.3

2.21

.063

.046

30 lb peak milk

1

25.0

1,400

31.9

2.3

60.7

.62

11.1

.33

.22

19.4

19.8

3.53

.105

.070

2

30.0

1,400

33.3

2.4

62.2

.64

11.8

.35

.23

20.7

21.3

3.92

.117

.077

3

27.0

1,402

33.7

2.4

59.8

.61

11.0

.32

.21

20.2

20.6

3.69

.108

.071

4

21.6

1,403

32.3

2.3

58.1

.58

10.2

.30

.20

18.8

18.7

3.28

.097

.065

5

16.2

1,406

30.8

2.2

56.2

.55

9.3

.27

.18

17.3

16.9

2.86

.083

.055

6

11.7

1,410

29.6

2.1

54.7

.53

8.5

.24

.17

16.2

15.7

2.51

.071

.050

10, 20, 30 lb peak milk

7

0.0

1,417

27.2

1.9

45.0

.37

6.0

.16

.12

12.2

10.1

1.63

.044

.033

8

0.0

1,428

27.0

1.9

45.8

.39

6.2

.16

.12

12.4

10.5

1.67

.043

.032

9

0.0

1,445

26.9

1.9

47.3

.41

6.5

.16

.12

12.7

11.0

1.76

.043

.032

10

0.0

1,469

26.8

1.8

49.5

.44

7.0

.27

.17

13.3

11.8

1.89

.072

.046

11

0.0

1,503

27.0

1.8

52.6

.49

7.8

.26

.17

14.2

13.2

2.11

.070

.046

12

0.0

1,550

27.6

1.8

56.6

.56

8.9

.26

.16

15.6

15.5

2.45

.072

.044

1To maintain moderate body condition

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 9. Nutrient requirements of two-year-old heifers.1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since calving

Milk, lb/day

Body weight, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

900 lb mature weight

1

12.3

729

19.1

2.6

61.4

.63

10.8

.31

.20

11.7

12.1

2.07

.060

.037

2

14.8

738

19.9

2.7

62.6

.65

11.4

.33

.21

12.5

12.9

2.27

.066

.042

3

13.3

748

20.4

2.7

60.3

.61

10.6

.30

.19

12.3

12.5

2.16

.062

.040

4

10.7

758

19.8

2.6

58.8

.60

9.9

.28

.18

11.6

11.8

1.96

.055

.035

5

8.0

769

19.3

2.5

57.4

.57

9.2

.25

.17

11.1

11.0

1.77

.049

.033

6

5.8

781

18.8

2.4

56.2

.55

8.6

.23

.15

10.6

10.4

1.61

.044

.029

7

0.0

794

17.4

2.2

48.5

.43

6.8

.18

.13

8.4

7.4

1.18

.031

.022

8

0.0

810

17.5

2.2

49.2

.44

7.0

.18

.13

8.6

7.7

1.22

.031

.022

9

0.0

830

17.7

2.1

50.5

.46

7.2

.17

.12

8.9

8.2

1.28

.031

.022

10

0.0

854

17.9

2.1

52.4

.49

7.7

.27

.16

9.4

8.8

1.38

.049

.029

11

0.0

885

18.3

2.1

55.2

.54

8.3

.27

.16

10.1

9.8

1.52

.049

.029

12

0.0

825

18.9

2.3

58.7

.59

9.3

.27

.15

11.1

11.2

1.75

.051

.029

1,000 lb mature weight

1

12.3

810

20.4

2.5

61.0

.63

10.6

.30

.19

12.4

12.8

2.16

.062

.040

2

14.8

820

21.2

2.6

62.1

.64

11.1

.32

.21

13.2

13.6

2.36

.068

.044

3

13.3

831

21.8

2.6

59.8

.61

10.4

.30

.19

13.0

13.2

2.26

.066

.042

4

10.7

843

21.2

2.5

58.5

.59

9.7

.28

.18

12.4

12.5

2.06

.060

.037

5

8.0

854

20.7

2.4

57.1

.57

9.0

.26

.17

11.8

11.7

1.87

.053

.035

6

5.8

868

20.3

2.3

56.0

.55

8.4

.23

.15

11.4

11.1

1.71

.046

.031

7

0.0

883

18.8

2.1

48.6

.43

6.8

.18

.13

9.1

8.1

1.29

.033

.024

8

0.0

900

18.9

2.1

49.4

.44

7.0

.17

.13

9.3

8.4

1.33

.033

.024

9

0.0

922

19.1

2.1

50.7

.47

7.3

.17

.13

9.7

8.9

1.39

.033

.024

10

0.0

949

19.4

2.0

52.7

.49

7.7

.28

.17

10.2

9.6

1.50

.055

.033

11

0.0

984

19.9

2.0

55.5

.54

8.4

.28

.17

11.0

10.7

1.66

.055

.033

12

0.0

1,028

20.6

2.0

59.1

.60

9.3

.27

.16

12.2

12.3

1.92

.055

.033

1,100 lb mature weight

1

12.3

891

21.6

2.4

60.7

.62

10.4

.31

.19

13.1

13.4

2.25

.066

.042

2

14.8

902

22.5

2.5

61.7

.64

10.9

.32

.21

13.9

14.3

2.45

.073

.046

3

13.3

915

23.2

2.5

59.5

.60

10.1

.29

.19

13.8

13.9

2.35

.068

.044

4

10.7

927

22.6

2.4

58.2

.58

9.5

.27

.18

13.2

13.2

2.16

.062

.040

5

8.0

940

22.1

2.4

56.9

.56

8.9

.25

.17

12.6

12.4

1.96

.055

.037

6

5.8

954

21.7

2.3

55.9

.55

8.3

.23

.15

12.1

11.9

1.81

.051

.033

7

0.0

971

20.2

2.1

48.8

.43

6.9

.19

.13

9.9

8.7

1.39

.037

.026

8

0.0

990

20.4

2.1

49.5

.45

7.0

.18

.13

10.1

9.1

1.43

.037

.026

9

0.0

1,014

20.6

2.0

50.8

.47

7.3

.18

.13

10.5

9.6

1.50

.037

.026

10

0.0

1,044

20.9

2.0

52.8

.50

7.7

.28

.17

11.0

10.4

1.61

.060

.035

11

0.0

1,082

21.4

2.0

55.7

.54

8.4

.28

.16

11.9

11.6

1.79

.060

.035

12

0.0

1,130

22.1

2.0

59.4

.60

9.4

.27

.16

13.1

13.3

2.07

.060

.035

1,200 lb mature weight

1

12.3

972

22.9

2.4

60.4

.62

10.2

.30

.19

13.8

14.1

2.34

.068

.044

2

14.8

984

23.8

2.4

61.4

.63

10.7

.31

.20

14.6

15.0

2.55

.075

.049

3

13.3

998

24.5

2.5

59.2

.60

10.0

.29

.19

14.5

14.6

2.44

.071

.046

4

10.7

1,011

24.0

2.4

58.0

.58

9.4

.28

.17

13.9

13.9

2.25

.066

.042

5

8.0

1,025

23.4

2.3

56.8

.56

8.8

.25

.17

13.3

13.1

2.05

.060

.040

6

5.8

1,041

23.0

2.2

55.8

.55

8.3

.23

.15

12.8

12.6

1.90

.053

.035

7

0.0

1,059

21.5

2.0

48.9

.44

6.9

.18

.13

10.5

9.4

1.48

.040

.029

8

0.0

1,080

21.7

2.0

49.7

.45

7.1

.18

.13

10.8

9.7

1.53

.040

.029

9

0.0

1,106

22.0

2.0

51.0

.47

7.3

.18

.13

11.2

10.3

1.61

.040

.029

10

0.0

1,139

22.3

2.0

53.1

.50

7.8

.30

.18

11.8

11.2

1.73

.066

.040

11

0.0

1,180

22.8

1.9

55.9

.55

8.5

.29

.17

12.7

12.5

1.93

.066

.040

12

0.0

1,233

23.7

1.9

59.7

.60

9.4

.28

.17

14.1

14.3

2.23

.066

.040

1,300 lb mature weight

1

12.3

1,053

24.1

2.3

60.2

.61

10.1

.30

.19

14.5

14.8

2.43

.073

.046

2

14.8

1,066

25.0

2.3

61.1

.63

10.5

.31

.20

15.3

15.7

2.63

.077

.051

3

13.3

1,081

25.8

2.4

58.9

.59

9.8

.29

.19

15.2

15.3

2.53

.075

.049

4

10.7

1,095

25.3

2.3

57.8

.57

9.2

.27

.17

14.6

14.5

2.34

.068

.044

5

8.0

1,111

24.8

2.2

56.6

.56

8.7

.25

.17

14.0

13.8

2.15

.062

.042

6

5.8

1,128

24.4

2.2

55.7

.55

8.2

.23

.15

13.6

13.3

1.99

.057

.037

7

0.0

1,147

22.9

2.0

49.0

.44

6.9

.19

.13

11.2

10.0

1.58

.044

.031

8

0.0

1,170

23.1

2.0

49.8

.45

7.1

.19

.13

11.5

10.4

1.63

.044

.031

9

0.0

1,199

23.3

1.9

51.2

.47

7.3

.19

.13

11.9

11.0

1.71

.044

.031

10

0.0

1,234

23.7

1.9

53.3

.51

7.8

.30

.18

12.6

12.0

1.85

.071

.042

11

0.0

1,279

24.3

1.9

56.2

.55

8.5

.29

.17

13.7

13.4

2.06

.071

.042

12

0.0

1,336

25.2

1.9

60.0

.61

9.5

.28

.17

15.1

15.4

2.40

.071

.042

1,400 lb mature weight

1

12.3

1,134

25.3

2.2

60.0

.61

9.9

.30

.19

15.2

15.4

2.52

.075

.049

2

14.8

1,148

26.2

2.3

60.9

.62

10.4

.31

.20

16.0

16.3

2.72

.082

.053

3

13.3

1,164

27.1

2.3

58.7

.59

9.7

.28

.19

15.9

16.0

2.62

.077

.051

4

10.7

1,179

26.6

2.3

57.6

.57

9.1

.27

.17

15.3

15.2

2.43

.073

.046

5

8.0

1,196

26.1

2.2

56.5

.56

8.6

.25

.17

14.7

14.5

2.23

.066

.044

6

5.8

1,214

25.7

2.1

55.7

.54

8.1

.23

.15

14.3

14.0

2.08

.060

.040

7

0.0

1,235

24.2

2.0

49.1

.44

6.9

.19

.14

11.9

10.6

1.67

.046

.033

8

0.0

1,260

24.4

1.9

49.9

.45

7.1

.19

.14

12.2

11.0

1.72

.046

.033

9

0.0

1,291

24.7

1.9

51.3

.47

7.3

.19

.13

12.7

11.7

1.81

.046

.033

10

0.0

1,329

25.1

1.9

53.4

.51

7.8

.30

.18

13.4

12.7

1.96

.075

.046

11

0.0

1,377

25.7

1.9

56.4

.56

8.5

.30

.18

14.5

14.3

2.19

.077

.046

12

0.0

1,438

26.7

1.9

60.2

.61

9.5

.29

.17

16.1

16.4

2.54

.077

.046

120 lb peak milk production

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 10. Nutrient requirements of pregnant replacement heifers.1

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Months since conception

Body weight, lb

ADG, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

NEg, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

NEg, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

900 lb mature weight

1

562

0.70

15.5

2.8

50.2

.46

.21

7.1

.21

.13

7.8

7.1

3.3

1.10

.033

.020

2

584

0.73

15.9

2.7

50.3

.46

.21

7.1

.21

.13

8.0

7.3

3.3

1.13

.033

.020

3

607

0.77

16.3

2.7

50.4

.46

.21

7.1

.20

.12

8.2

7.5

3.4

1.16

.033

.020

4

631

0.84

16.8

2.7

50.7

.46

.21

7.1

.20

.12

8.5

7.7

3.5

1.20

.033

.020

5

658

0.94

17.3

2.6

51.3

.47

.22

7.2

.19

.12

8.9

8.1

3.8

1.25

.033

.020

6

689

1.08

17.8

2.6

52.3

.49

.24

7.4

.20

.12

9.3

8.7

4.3

1.31

.035

.022

7

724

1.26

18.4

2.5

54.1

.51

.26

7.7

.29

.16

10.0

9.4

4.8

1.41

.053

.029

8

766

1.51

19.1

2.5

57.1

.56

.30

8.2

.28

.15

10.9

10.7

5.7

1.57

.053

.029

9

817

1.82

19.7

2.4

62.0

.63

.37

9.2

.27

.16

12.2

12.4

7.3

1.81

.053

.031

1,000 lb mature weight

1

625

0.78

16.7

2.7

50.1

.46

.21

7.2

.22

.17

8.4

7.7

3.5

1.20

.036

.028

2

649

0.81

17.2

2.7

50.2

.46

.21

7.2

.22

.17

8.6

7.9

3.6

1.24

.038

.029

3

674

0.86

17.7

2.6

50.4

.46

.21

7.2

.22

.17

8.9

8.1

3.7

1.27

.039

.030

4

701

0.94

18.2

2.6

50.7

.46

.21

7.2

.21

.17

9.2

8.4

3.8

1.31

.038

.031

5

731

1.05

18.7

2.6

51.3

.47

.22

7.3

.21

.17

9.6

8.8

4.1

1.37

.039

.032

6

765

1.20

19.4

2.5

52.3

.49

.24

7.6

.20

.16

10.1

9.5

4.7

1.47

.039

.031

7

805

1.41

20.0

2.5

54.0

.52

.26

8.0

.32

.23

10.8

10.4

5.2

1.60

.064

.046

8

852

1.68

20.7

2.4

56.8

.56

.30

8.7

.31

.23

11.8

11.6

6.2

1.80

.064

.048

9

908

2.02

21.3

2.3

61.3

.63

.37

10.0

.31

.22

13.1

13.4

7.9

2.13

.066

.047

1,100 lb mature weight

1

687

.86

18.0

2.6

50.3

.46

.21

7.2

.23

.18

9.1

8.3

3.8

1.30

.041

.032

2

714

.89

18.5

2.6

50.4

.46

.21

7.2

.22

.17

9.3

8.5

3.9

1.33

.041

.031

3

742

.95

19.0

2.6

50.5

.46

.21

7.2

.22

.17

9.6

8.7

4.0

1.37

.042

.032

4

771

1.03

19.5

2.5

50.8

.47

.22

7.2

.22

.17

9.9

9.2

4.3

1.40

.043

.033

5

804

1.15

20.1

2.5

51.3

.48

.22

7.3

.21

.17

10.3

9.6

4.4

1.47

.042

.034

6

842

1.31

20.8

2.5

52.3

.49

.24

7.5

.21

.17

10.9

10.2

5.0

1.56

.044

.035

7

885

1.54

21.5

2.4

53.9

.52

.26

7.9

.32

.23

11.6

11.2

5.6

1.70

.069

.049

8

936

1.84

22.3

2.4

56.5

.56

.30

8.6

.31

.22

12.6

12.5

6.7

1.92

.069

.049

9

998

2.21

22.9

2.3

60.6

.62

.36

9.8

.30

.22

13.9

14.2

8.2

2.24

.069

.050

1,200 lb mature weight

1

750

.93

19.3

2.6

50.5

.46

.21

7.2

.23

.18

9.7

8.9

4.1

1.39

.044

.035

2

779

.97

19.8

2.5

50.5

.46

.21

7.2

.23

.18

10.0

9.1

4.2

1.43

.046

.036

3

809

1.03

20.3

2.5

50.7

.46

.21

7.2

.22

.18

10.3

9.3

4.3

1.46

.045

.035

4

842

1.12

20.9

2.5

50.9

.47

.22

7.2

.22

.17

10.6

9.8

4.6

1.50

.046

.036

5

878

1.25

21.5

2.4

51.4

.48

.23

7.3

.22

.17

11.1

10.3

4.9

1.57

.047

.037

6

918

1.44

22.2

2.4

52.3

.49

.24

7.5

.21

.17

11.6

10.9

5.3

1.67

.047

.038

7

966

1.69

23.0

2.4

53.8

.51

.26

7.9

.31

.23

12.4

11.7

6.0

1.82

.071

.053

8

1,022

2.01

23.7

2.3

56.2

.55

.30

8.5

.31

.22

13.3

13.0

7.1

2.01

.073

.052

9

1,089

2.42

24.4

2.2

59.9

.61

.35

9.6

.30

.22

14.6

14.9

8.5

2.34

.073

.054

1,300 lb mature weight

1

812

1.01

20.5

2.5

50.6

.46

.21

7.2

.24

.18

10.4

9.4

4.3

1.48

.049

.037

2

843

1.05

21.0

2.5

50.7

.46

.21

7.2

.23

.18

10.6

9.7

4.4

1.51

.048

.038

3

876

1.12

21.6

2.5

50.8

.47

.22

7.2

.23

.18

11.0

10.2

4.8

1.56

.050

.039

4

912

1.22

22.2

2.4

51.0

.47

.22

7.2

.22

.18

11.3

10.4

4.9

1.60

.049

.040

5

951

1.36

22.9

2.4

51.5

.48

.23

7.3

.22

.18

11.8

11.0

5.3

1.67

.050

.041

6

995

1.56

23.6

2.4

52.4

.49

.24

7.5

.22

.17

12.4

11.6

5.7

1.77

.052

.040

7

1,046

1.83

24.4

2.3

53.7

.51

.26

7.9

.31

.23

13.1

12.4

6.3

1.93

.076

.056

8

1,107

2.19

25.2

2.3

56.0

.55

.29

8.5

.30

.22

14.1

13.9

7.3

2.14

.076

.055

9

1,180

2.63

25.9

2.2

59.5

.60

.34

9.5

.30

.22

15.4

15.5

8.8

2.46

.078

.057

1,400 lb mature weight

1

875

1.09

21.7

2.5

50.7

.47

.22

7.3

.24

.18

11.0

10.2

4.8

1.58

.052

.039

2

908

1.13

22.3

2.5

50.8

.47

.22

7.2

.24

.18

11.3

10.5

4.9

1.61

.054

.040

3

944

1.20

22.9

2.4

50.9

.47

.22

7.2

.23

.18

11.7

10.8

5.0

1.65

.053

.041

4

982

1.31

23.5

2.4

51.2

.47

.22

7.2

.23

.18

12.0

11.0

5.2

1.69

.054

.042

5

1,024

1.46

24.2

2.4

51.6

.48

.23

7.3

.22

.18

12.5

11.6

5.6

1.77

.053

.044

6

1,071

1.67

24.9

2.3

52.4

.49

.24

7.5

.22

.18

13.0

12.2

6.0

1.82

.055

.045

7

1,126

1.96

25.8

2.3

53.7

.51

.26

7.8

.31

.23

13.9

13.2

6.7

2.01

.080

.059

8

1,192

2.34

26.6

2.2

55.8

.55

.29

8.4

.30

.22

14.8

14.6

7.7

2.23

.080

.059

9

1,270

2.82

27.4

2.2

59.0

.60

.34

9.3

.30

.22

16.2

16.4

9.3

2.55

.082

.060

1BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, ADG = average daily gain, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, NEg = net energy for gain, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 11. Nutrient requirements of growing steer and heifer calves.1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Body weight, lb

ADG, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

NEg, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

NEg, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

1,100 lb at finishing

300

0.5

7.9

2.6

54

.50

.24

9.2

.30

.16

4.3

3.1

.4

.73

.024

.013

1.0

8.4

2.8

59

.57

.31

11.4

.46

.23

5.0

3.1

.9

.95

.039

.019

1.5

8.6

2.9

64

.64

.37

13.6

.62

.29

5.5

3.1

1.4

1.17

.053

.025

2.0

8.6

2.9

69

.72

.44

16.2

.79

.36

5.9

3.1

1.9

1.39

.068

.031

2.5

8.5

2.8

75

.81

.52

18.9

.96

.40

6.4

3.1

2.5

1.61

.082

.034

3.0

8.2

2.7

83

.92

.62

22.2

1.17

.51

6.8

3.1

3.0

1.83

.096

.042

400

0.5

9.8

2.5

54

.50

.24

8.7

.27

.15

5.3

3.8

.5

.85

.026

.015

1.0

10.4

2.6

59

.57

.31

10.4

.39

.20

6.1

3.8

1.1

1.08

.040

.021

1.5

10.7

2.7

64

.64

.37

12.1

.50

.24

6.8

3.8

1.7

1.30

.053

.026

2.0

10.7

2.7

69

.72

.44

14.1

.62

.29

7.4

3.8

2.4

1.51

.066

.031

2.5

10.6

2.7

75

.81

.52

16.3

.75

.34

8.0

3.8

3.1

1.72

.079

.036

3.0

10.2

2.6

83

.92

.62

19.0

.90

.41

8.5

3.8

3.7

1.94

.092

.042

500

0.5

11.6

2.3

54

.50

.24

8.4

.25

.15

6.3

4.5

.6

.97

.029

.017

1.0

12.2

2.4

59

.57

.31

9.8

.34

.18

7.2

4.5

1.3

1.19

.041

.022

1.5

12.6

2.5

64

.64

.37

11.2

.42

.22

8.1

4.5

2.1

1.41

.054

.027

2.0

12.7

2.5

69

.72

.44

12.8

.52

.25

8.8

4.5

2.8

1.63

.066

.032

2.5

12.5

2.5

75

.81

.52

14.7

.62

.30

9.4

4.5

3.6

1.84

.077

.037

3.0

12.1

2.4

83

.92

.62

16.9

.74

.35

10.0

4.5

4.4

2.05

.089

.042

600

0.5

13.2

2.2

54

.50

.24

8.2

.23

.14

7.1

5.2

.7

1.08

.031

.019

1.0

14.0

2.3

59

.57

.31

9.4

.30

.17

8.3

5.2

1.5

1.31

.043

.024

1.5

14.4

2.4

64

.64

.37

10.6

.38

.20

9.2

5.2

2.4

1.53

.054

.028

2.0

14.6

2.4

69

.72

.44

11.9

.44

.22

10.1

5.2

3.2

1.74

.065

.033

2.5

14.4

2.4

75

.81

.52

13.6

.52

.26

10.8

5.2

4.1

1.95

.075

.037

3.0

13.8

2.3

83

.92

.62

15.7

.62

.30

11.5

5.2

5.0

2.17

.086

.041

700

0.5

14.9

2.1

54

.50

.24

8.0

.22

.14

8.0

5.8

.8

1.19

.033

.021

1.0

15.8

2.3

59

.57

.31

9.0

.28

.16

9.3

5.8

1.7

1.42

.044

.026

1.5

16.2

2.3

64

.64

.37

10.1

.33

.19

10.4

5.8

2.7

1.64

.054

.030

2.0

16.3

2.3

69

.72

.44

11.4

.39

.21

11.2

5.8

3.6

1.85

.064

.034

2.5

16.1

2.3

75

.81

.52

12.8

.46

.24

12.1

5.8

4.6

2.06

.074

.038

3.0

15.5

2.2

83

.92

.62

14.6

.54

.27

12.9

5.8

5.7

2.27

.084

.042

1,200 lb at finishing

300

0.5

7.8

2.6

54

.49

.24

9.4

.31

.17

4.2

3.1

.4

.73

.025

.013

1.0

8.3

2.8

58

.56

.30

11.5

.48

.23

4.8

3.1

.8

.95

.040

.019

1.5

8.6

2.9

63

.63

.36

13.7

.63

.29

5.4

3.1

1.3

1.17

.054

.025

2.0

8.6

2.9

68

.70

.42

16.2

.80

.36

5.8

3.1

1.8

1.40

.069

.031

2.5

8.6

2.9

73

.78

.50

18.7

.96

.43

6.3

3.1

2.3

1.61

.083

.037

3.0

8.3

2.8

80

.88

.58

22.0

1.18

.52

6.6

3.1

2.8

1.83

.098

.043

400

0.5

9.7

2.4

54

.49

.24

8.8

.28

.16

5.2

3.8

.5

.85

.027

.015

1.0

10.3

2.6

58

.56

.30

10.4

.39

.20

6.0

3.8

1.0

1.07

.041

.021

1.5

10.6

2.7

63

.63

.36

12.2

.51

.25

6.7

3.8

1.6

1.30

.054

.026

2.0

10.7

2.7

68

.70

.42

14.1

.63

.30

7.3

3.8

2.2

1.51

.068

.032

2.5

10.7

2.7

73

.78

.50

16.1

.76

.35

7.8

3.8

2.9

1.72

.081

.037

3.0

10.4

2.6

80

.88

.58

18.7

.90

.41

8.3

3.8

3.5

1.94

.094

.043

500

0.5

11.5

2.3

54

.49

.24

8.4

.25

.15

6.2

4.5

.6

.97

.029

.017

1.0

12.2

2.4

58

.56

.30

9.8

.34

.18

7.1

4.5

1.2

1.19

.042

.022

1.5

12.6

2.5

63

.63

.36

11.2

.43

.22

7.9

4.5

1.9

1.41

.055

.028

2.0

12.6

2.5

68

.70

.42

12.9

.53

.26

8.6

4.5

2.6

1.63

.067

.033

2.5

12.6

2.5

73

.78

.50

14.6

.63

.30

9.2

4.5

3.4

1.84

.079

.038

3.0

12.2

2.4

80

.88

.58

16.8

.75

.35

9.8

4.5

4.1

2.05

.092

.043

600

0.5

13.2

2.2

54

.49

.24

8.2

.24

.15

7.1

5.2

.7

1.08

.031

.019

1.0

14.0

2.3

58

.56

.30

9.3

.31

.17

8.1

5.2

1.4

1.31

.043

.024

1.5

14.4

2.4

63

.63

.36

10.6

.38

.20

9.1

5.2

2.2

1.52

.055

.029

2.0

14.4

2.4

68

.70

.42

12.1

.46

.23

9.8

5.2

3.0

1.74

.067

.034

2.5

14.4

2.4

73

.78

.50

13.5

.54

.26

10.5

5.2

3.9

1.95

.078

.038

3.0

14.0

2.3

80

.88

.58

15.4

.64

.31

11.2

5.2

4.7

2.16

.089

.043

700

0.5

14.8

2.1

54

.49

.24

8.0

.23

.14

8.0

5.8

.7

1.18

.034

.021

1.0

15.7

2.2

58

.56

.30

9.0

.29

.17

9.1

5.8

1.6

1.42

.045

.026

1.5

16.2

2.3

63

.63

.36

10.1

.34

.19

10.2

5.8

2.5

1.64

.056

.030

2.0

16.3

2.3

68

.70

.42

11.3

.41

.21

11.1

5.8

3.4

1.85

.067

.035

2.5

16.2

2.3

73

.78

.50

12.7

.47

.24

11.8

5.8

4.3

2.05

.077

.039

3.0

15.8

2.3

80

.88

.58

14.4

.55

.27

12.6

5.8

5.3

2.27

.087

.043

11,100 or 1,200 lb at finishing (28 percent body fat) or maturity (replacement heifers)

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, ADG = average daily gain, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, NEg = net energy for gain, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 12. Nutrient requirements of growing bull calves.1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Body weight, lb

ADG, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

NEg, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

NEg, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

2,000 lb mature weight

300

0.5

8.0

2.7

55

.51

.25

9.1

.31

.16

4.4

3.5

.4

.73

.025

.013

1.0

8.3

2.8

58

.56

.30

11.4

.48

.23

4.8

3.5

.8

.95

.040

.019

1.5

8.5

2.8

61

.60

.34

13.8

.64

.29

5.2

3.5

1.3

1.17

.054

.025

2.0

8.6

2.9

65

.65

.38

16.3

.80

.36

5.6

3.5

1.8

1.40

.069

.031

2.5

8.7

2.9

68

.71

.43

18.5

.95

.43

5.9

3.5

2.3

1.61

.083

.037

3.0

8.6

2.9

72

.76

.48

21.3

1.14

.50

6.2

3.5

2.8

1.83

.098

.043

400

0.5

9.9

2.5

55

.51

.25

8.6

.27

.15

5.4

4.4

.5

.85

.027

.015

1.0

10.3

2.6

58

.56

.30

10.5

.40

.20

6.0

4.4

1.0

1.08

.041

.021

1.5

10.5

2.6

61

.60

.34

12.4

.51

.25

6.4

4.4

1.6

1.30

.054

.026

2.0

10.7

2.7

65

.65

.38

14.1

.64

.30

7.0

4.4

2.2

1.51

.068

.032

2.5

10.7

2.7

68

.71

.43

16.2

.76

.35

7.3

4.4

2.9

1.73

.081

.037

3.0

10.7

2.7

72

.76

.48

18.1

.88

.40

7.7

4.4

3.5

1.94

.094

.043

500

0.5

11.7

2.3

55

.51

.25

8.3

.25

.15

6.4

5.2

.6

.97

.029

.017

1.0

12.2

2.4

58

.56

.30

9.8

.34

.18

7.1

5.2

1.2

1.19

.042

.022

1.5

12.5

2.5

61

.60

.34

11.3

.44

.22

7.6

5.2

1.9

1.41

.055

.028

2.0

12.6

2.5

65

.65

.38

12.9

.53

.26

8.2

5.2

2.6

1.63

.067

.033

2.5

12.7

2.5

68

.71

.43

14.5

.63

.29

8.6

5.2

3.4

1.84

.080

.037

3.0

12.6

2.5

72

.76

.48

16.3

.73

.34

9.1

5.2

4.1

2.05

.092

.043

600

0.5

13.4

2.2

55

.51

.25

8.1

.24

.14

7.4

5.9

.7

1.08

.032

.019

1.0

13.9

2.3

58

.56

.30

9.4

.32

.17

8.1

5.9

1.4

1.31

.044

.024

1.5

14.3

2.4

61

.60

.34

10.7

.38

.20

8.7

5.9

2.2

1.53

.055

.029

2.0

14.5

2.4

65

.65

.38

12.0

.46

.23

9.4

5.9

3.0

1.74

.067

.034

2.5

14.5

2.4

68

.71

.43

13.4

.54

.26

9.9

5.9

3.9

1.95

.078

.038

3.0

14.5

2.4

72

.76

.48

14.9

.61

.30

10.4

5.9

4.7

2.16

.089

.043

700

0.5

15.1

2.2

55

.51

.25

7.9

.23

.14

8.3

6.7

.7

1.19

.034

.021

1.0

15.6

2.2

58

.56

.30

9.1

.29

.17

9.0

6.7

1.6

1.42

.045

.026

1.5

16.0

2.3

61

.60

.34

10.3

.35

.19

9.8

6.7

2.5

1.64

.056

.030

2.0

16.3

2.3

65

.65

.38

11.4

.40

.21

10.6

6.7

3.4

1.86

.066

.035

2.5

16.3

2.3

68

.71

.43

12.7

.47

.24

11.1

6.7

4.3

2.07

.077

.039

3.0

15.3

2.2

72

.76

.48

13.9

.53

.26

11.7

6.7

5.3

2.27

.087

.043

800

0.5

16.7

2.1

55

.51

.25

7.7

.22

.14

9.2

7.4

.8

1.28

.036

.023

1.0

17.3

2.2

58

.56

.30

8.7

.27

.16

10.0

7.4

1.8

1.51

.047

.028

1.5

17.7

2.2

61

.60

.34

9.7

.32

.18

10.8

7.4

2.7

1.72

.057

.032

2.0

18.0

2.3

65

.65

.38

10.7

.37

.19

11.7

7.4

3.8

1.93

.066

.035

2.5

18.1

2.3

68

.71

.43

11.8

.42

.22

12.3

7.4

4.8

2.13

.076

.039

3.0

18.0

2.3

72

.76

.48

12.9

.47

.24

13.0

7.4

5.9

2.33

.085

.043

900

0.5

18.2

2.0

55

.51

.25

7.5

.21

.14

10.0

8.0

.9

1.37

.039

.026

1.0

18.9

2.1

58

.56

.30

8.3

.25

.15

11.0

8.0

1.9

1.57

.048

.029

1.5

19.4

2.2

61

.60

.34

9.1

.29

.17

11.8

8.0

3.0

1.77

.057

.033

2.0

19.6

2.2

65

.65

.38

9.9

.34

.19

12.7

8.0

4.1

1.95

.066

.037

2.5

19.7

2.2

68

.71

.43

10.9

.38

.20

13.4

8.0

5.2

2.14

.075

.040

3.0

19.6

2.2

72

.76

.48

11.9

.42

.22

14.1

8.0

6.4

2.33

.083

.043

1For bulls less than 12 months of age

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, ADG = average daily gain, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, NEg = net energy for gain, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 13. Nutrient requirements of growing yearlings.1,2,3

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Body weight, lb

ADG, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN,% DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

NEg, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

NEg, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P, lb

1,000 lb at finishing

550

0.6

15.2

2.8

50

.45

.20

7.1

.21

.13

7.6

4.8

.9

1.08

.032

.020

1.8

16.1

2.9

60

.61

.35

9.8

.36

.19

9.7

4.8

2.9

1.58

.058

.031

2.7

15.7

2.9

70

.76

.48

12.4

.49

.24

11.0

4.8

4.5

1.95

.077

.038

3.3

14.8

2.7

80

.90

.61

14.9

.61

.29

11.8

4.8

5.7

2.21

.090

.043

3.8

13.7

2.5

90

1.04

.72

17.3

.73

.34

12.3

4.8

6.5

2.37

.100

.047

600

0.6

16.2

2.7

50

.45

.20

7.0

.21

.13

8.1

5.2

1.0

1.13

.034

.021

1.8

17.2

2.9

60

.61

.35

9.5

.34

.18

10.3

5.2

3.0

1.63

.058

.031

2.7

16.8

2.8

70

.76

.48

11.9

.45

.23

11.8

5.2

4.8

2.00

.076

.039

3.3

15.8

2.6

80

.90

.61

14.3

.56

.27

12.6

5.2

6.1

2.26

.088

.043

3.8

14.6

2.4

90

1.04

.72

16.5

.66

.32

13.1

5.2

6.9

2.41

.096

.047

650

0.6

17.3

2.7

50

.45

.20

6.9

.20

.12

8.7

5.5

1.1

1.19

.035

.021

1.8

18.2

2.8

60

.61

.35

9.2

.32

.17

10.9

5.5

3.2

1.67

.058

.031

2.7

17.8

2.7

70

.76

.48

11.5

.42

.21

12.5

5.5

5.1

2.05

.075

.037

3.3

16.8

2.6

80

.90

.61

13.7

.52

.26

13.4

5.5

6.5

2.30

.087

.044

3.8

15.5

2.4

90

1.04

.72

15.9

.61

.30

14.0

5.5

7.4

2.46

.095

.047

700

0.6

18.2

2.6

50

.45

.20

6.8

.19

.12

9.1

5.8

1.1

1.24

.035

.022

1.8

19.3

2.8

60

.61

.35

8.8

.30

.16

11.6

5.8

3.4

1.70

.058

.031

2.7

18.8

2.7

70

.76

.48

10.9

.39

.20

13.2

5.8

5.4

2.05

.073

.037

3.3

17.8

2.5

80

.90

.61

13.0

.48

.24

14.2

5.8

6.8

2.31

.085

.044

3.8

16.4

2.3

90

1.04

.72

15.0

.56

.28

14.8

5.8

7.8

2.46

.092

.047

750

0.6

19.2

2.6

50

.45

.20

6.7

.19

.12

9.6

6.1

1.2

1.29

.036

.022

1.8

20.3

2.7

60

.61

.35

8.5

.28

.16

12.2

6.1

3.6

1.73

.057

.031

2.7

19.8

2.6

70

.76

.48

10.3

.37

.19

13.9

6.1

5.7

2.04

.073

.038

3.3

18.7

2.5

80

.90

.61

12.2

.45

.23

15.0

6.1

7.2

2.28

.084

.043

3.8

17.3

2.3

90

1.04

.72

14.0

.52

.26

15.6

6.1

8.2

2.42

.090

.046

800

0.6

20.2

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.5

.19

.12

10.1

6.4

1.2

1.31

.038

.024

1.8

21.3

2.7

60

.61

.35

8.1

.27

.15

12.8

6.4

3.8

1.73

.058

.032

2.7

20.8

2.6

70

.76

.48

9.8

.34

.18

14.6

6.4

5.9

2.04

.071

.037

3.3

19.6

2.5

80

.90

.61

11.5

.42

.22

15.7

6.4

7.6

2.25

.082

.043

3.8

18.1

2.3

90

1.04

.72

13.2

.48

.25

16.3

6.4

8.6

2.39

.087

.045

1,100 lb at finishing

605

0.7

16.3

2.7

50

.45

.20

7.2

.22

.13

8.2

5.2

1.0

1.17

.036

.021

1.9

17.3

2.9

60

.61

.35

10.0

.36

.19

10.4

5.2

3.0

1.73

.062

.033

2.9

16.9

2.8

70

.76

.48

12.7

.49

.24

11.8

5.2

4.8

2.15

.083

.041

3.6

15.9

2.6

80

.90

.61

15.3

.61

.29

12.7

5.2

6.1

2.43

.097

.046

4.0

14.7

2.4

90

1.04

.72

17.8

.72

.34

13.2

5.2

7.0

2.62

.106

.050

660

0.7

17.5

2.7

50

.45

.20

7.1

.21

.13

8.8

5.5

1.1

1.24

.037

.023

1.9

18.4

2.8

60

.61

.35

9.7

.34

.18

11.0

5.5

3.2

1.78

.063

.033

2.9

18.0

2.7

70

.76

.48

12.3

.45

.23

12.6

5.5

5.1

2.21

.081

.041

3.6

17.0

2.6

80

.90

.61

14.7

.56

.27

13.6

5.5

6.5

2.50

.095

.046

4.0

15.7

2.4

90

1.04

.72

17.1

.66

.32

14.1

5.5

7.4

2.68

.104

.050

715

0.7

18.5

2.6

50

.45

.20

6.9

.20

.13

9.3

5.9

1.1

1.28

.037

.024

1.9

19.6

2.7

60

.61

.35

9.2

.32

.17

11.8

5.9

3.5

1.80

.063

.033

715

2.9

19.1

2.7

70

.76

.48

11.5

.42

.21

13.4

5.9

5.5

2.20

.080

.040

3.6

18.1

2.5

80

.90

.61

13.7

.52

.26

14.5

5.9

6.9

2.48

.094

.047

4.0

16.7

2.3

90

1.04

.72

15.9

.61

.30

15.0

5.9

7.9

2.66

.102

.050

770

0.7

19.6

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.8

.20

.12

9.8

6.2

1.2

1.33

.039

.024

1.9

20.7

2.7

60

.61

.35

8.8

.30

.16

12.4

6.2

3.6

1.82

.062

.033

2.9

20.2

2.6

70

.76

.48

10.9

.39

.20

14.1

6.2

5.8

2.20

.079

.040

3.6

19.1

2.5

80

.90

.61

12.9

.48

.24

15.3

6.2

7.3

2.46

.092

.046

4.0

17.6

2.3

90

1.04

.72

14.8

.56

.28

15.8

6.2

8.3

2.60

.099

.049

825

0.7

20.6

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.6

.19

.12

10.3

6.6

1.3

1.36

.039

.025

1.9

21.8

2.6

60

.61

.35

8.4

.28

.16

13.1

6.6

3.8

1.83

.061

.035

2.9

21.3

2.6

70

.76

.48

10.3

.37

.19

14.9

6.6

6.1

2.19

.079

.040

3.6

20.1

2.4

80

.90

.61

12.1

.44

.23

16.1

6.6

7.7

2.43

.088

.046

4.0

18.6

2.3

90

1.04

.72

13.9

.52

.26

16.7

6.6

8.8

2.59

.097

.048

880

0.7

21.7

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.5

.19

.12

10.9

6.9

1.3

1.41

.041

.026

1.9

22.9

2.6

60

.61

.35

8.1

.27

.15

13.7

6.9

4.0

1.85

.062

.034

2.9

22.4

2.5

70

.76

.48

9.8

.34

.18

15.7

6.9

6.4

2.20

.076

.040

3.6

21.1

2.4

80

.90

.61

11.4

.42

.22

16.9

6.9

8.1

2.41

.089

.046

4.0

19.5

2.2

90

1.04

.72

13.1

.48

.25

17.6

6.9

9.2

2.55

.094

.049

1,200 lb at finishing

660

0.7

17.5

2.7

50

.45

.20

7.3

.22

.13

8.8

5.5

1.1

1.28

.039

.023

1.9

18.4

2.8

60

.61

.35

10.2

.36

.19

11.0

5.5

3.3

1.88

.066

.035

2.9

18.0

2.7

70

.76

.48

13.0

.49

.24

12.6

5.5

5.2

2.34

.088

.043

3.6

17.0

2.6

80

.90

.61

15.8

.61

.29

13.6

5.5

6.5

2.69

.104

.049

4.0

15.7

2.4

90

1.04

.72

18.4

.72

.34

14.1

5.5

7.4

2.89

.113

.053

720

0.7

18.6

2.6

50

.45

.20

7.1

.21

.13

9.3

5.9

1.1

1.32

.039

.024

2.0

19.7

2.7

60

.61

.35

9.7

.34

.18

11.8

5.9

3.5

1.91

.067

.035

3.0

19.2

2.7

70

.76

.48

12.2

.45

.23

13.4

5.9

5.5

2.34

.086

.044

3.8

18.2

2.5

80

.90

.61

14.6

.56

.27

14.6

5.9

7.0

2.66

.102

.049

4.2

16.8

2.3

90

1.04

.72

17.0

.66

.32

15.1

5.9

7.9

2.86

.111

.054

780

0.7

19.8

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.9

.20

.13

9.9

6.3

1.2

1.37

.040

.026

2.0

20.9

2.7

60

.61

.35

9.2

.32

.17

12.5

6.3

3.7

1.92

.067

.036

3.0

20.4

2.6

70

.76

.48

11.4

.42

.21

14.3

6.3

5.8

2.33

.086

.043

3.8

19.3

2.5

80

.90

.61

13.6

.52

.26

15.4

6.3

7.4

2.62

.100

.050

4.2

17.8

2.3

90

1.04

.72

15.8

.61

.30

16.0

6.3

8.4

2.81

.109

.053

840

0.7

20.9

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.8

.20

.13

10.5

6.6

1.3

1.42

.042

.027

2.0

22.1

2.6

60

.61

.35

8.8

.30

.16

13.3

6.6

3.9

1.94

.071

.035

3.0

21.6

2.6

70

.76

.48

10.8

.39

.20

15.1

6.6

6.2

2.33

.091

.043

3.8

20.4

2.4

80

.90

.61

12.8

.48

.24

16.3

6.6

7.8

2.61

.106

.049

4.2

18.8

2.2

90

1.04

.72

14.7

.56

.28

16.9

6.6

8.9

2.76

.115

.053

900

0.7

22.0

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.6

.19

.12

11.0

7.0

1.3

1.45

.042

.026

2.0

23.3

2.6

60

.61

.35

8.4

.28

.16

14.0

7.0

4.1

1.96

.065

.037

3.0

22.7

2.5

70

.76

.48

10.2

.37

.19

15.9

7.0

6.5

2.32

.084

.043

3.8

21.5

2.4

80

.90

.61

12.0

.44

.23

17.2

7.0

8.3

2.58

.095

.049

4.2

19.8

2.2

90

1.04

.72

13.8

.52

.26

17.8

7.0

9.4

2.73

.103

.051

960

0.7

23.1

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.5

.19

.12

11.6

7.3

1.4

1.50

.044

.028

2.0

24.4

2.5

60

.61

.35

8.1

.27

.15

14.6

7.3

4.3

1.98

.066

.037

3.0

23.9

2.5

70

.76

.48

9.7

.34

.19

16.7

7.3

6.8

2.32

.081

.045

3.8

22.5

2.3

80

.90

.61

11.3

.41

.22

18.0

7.3

8.7

2.54

.092

.050

4.2

20.8

2.2

90

1.04

.72

13.0

.48

.25

18.7

7.3

9.9

2.70

.100

.052

1,300 lb at finishing

715

0.8

18.5

2.6

50

.45

.20

7.3

.22

.13

9.3

5.9

1.1

1.35

.041

.024

2.1

19.6

2.7

60

.61

.35

10.2

.36

.19

11.8

5.9

3.5

2.00

.071

.037

3.2

19.1

2.7

70

.76

.48

13.0

.49

.24

13.4

5.9

5.5

2.48

.094

.046

4.0

18.1

2.5

80

.90

.61

15.7

.61

.29

14.5

5.9

6.9

2.84

.110

.052

4.5

16.7

2.3

90

1.04

.72

18.3

.72

.34

15.0

5.9

7.9

3.06

.120

.057

780

0.8

19.8

2.5

50

.45

.20

7.1

.21

.13

9.9

6.3

1.2

1.41

.042

.026

2.1

20.9

2.7

60

.61

.35

9.6

.34

.18

12.5

6.3

3.7

2.01

.071

.038

3.2

20.4

2.6

70

.76

.48

12.1

.45

.23

14.3

6.3

5.8

2.47

.092

.047

4.0

19.3

2.5

80

.90

.61

14.5

.56

.27

15.4

6.3

7.4

2.80

.108

.052

4.5

17.8

2.3

90

1.04

.72

16.9

.66

.32

16.0

6.3

8.4

3.01

.117

.057

845

0.8

21.0

2.5

50

.45

.20

6.9

.21

.13

10.5

6.7

1.3

1.45

.044

.027

2.1

22.2

2.6

60

.61

.35

9.1

.32

.17

13.3

6.7

3.9

2.02

.071

.038

3.2

21.7

2.6

70

.76

.48

11.4

.42

.22

15.2

6.7

6.2

2.47

.091

.048

4.0

20.5

2.4

80

.90

.61

13.6

.51

.26

16.4

6.7

7.9

2.79

.105

.053

4.5

18.9

2.2

90

1.04

.72

15.7

.60

.30

17.0

6.7

8.9

2.97

.113

.057

910

0.8

22.2

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.7

.20

.13

11.1

7.1

1.4

1.49

.044

.029

2.1

23.5

2.6

60

.61

.35

8.7

.30

.17

14.1

7.1

4.1

2.04

.071

.040

3.2

22.9

2.5

70

.76

.48

10.7

.39

.20

16.0

7.1

6.6

2.45

.089

.046

4.0

21.6

2.4

80

.90

.61

12.7

.48

.24

17.3

7.1

8.3

2.74

.104

.052

4.5

20.0

2.2

90

1.04

.72

14.6

.56

.28

18.0

7.1

9.4

2.92

.112

.056

975

0.8

23.4

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.6

.20

.13

11.7

7.4

1.4

1.54

.047

.030

2.1

24.7

2.5

60

.61

.35

8.3

.28

.16

14.8

7.4

4.4

2.05

.069

.040

3.2

24.1

2.5

70

.76

.48

10.2

.37

.19

16.9

7.4

6.9

2.46

.089

.046

4.0

22.8

2.3

80

.90

.61

11.9

.44

.23

18.2

7.4

8.8

2.71

.100

.052

4.5

21.0

2.2

90

1.04

.72

13.7

.52

.26

18.9

7.4

9.9

2.88

.109

.055

1,040

0.8

24.5

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.5

.19

.13

12.3

7.8

1.5

1.59

.047

.032

2.1

25.9

2.5

60

.61

.35

8.0

.27

.15

15.5

7.8

4.6

2.07

.070

.039

3.2

25.3

2.4

70

.76

.48

9.6

.34

.19

17.7

7.8

7.2

2.43

.086

.048

4.0

23.9

2.3

80

.90

.61

11.3

.41

.22

19.1

7.8

9.2

2.70

.098

.053

4.5

22.1

2.1

90

1.04

.72

12.9

.48

.25

19.9

7.8

10.4

2.85

.106

.055

1,400 lb at finishing

770

0.8

19.6

2.5

50

.45

.20

7.3

.22

.13

9.9

6.2

1.2

1.43

.043

.025

2.2

20.7

2.7

60

.61

.35

10.1

.36

.19

12.4

6.2

3.7

2.09

.075

.039

3.4

20.2

2.6

70

.76

.48

12.9

.49

.24

14.1

6.2

5.8

2.61

.099

.048

4.2

19.1

2.5

80

.90

.61

15.6

.61

.29

15.3

6.2

7.3

2.98

.117

.055

4.7

17.6

2.3

90

1.04

.72

18.1

.72

.34

15.8

6.2

8.3

3.19

.127

.060

840

0.8

20.9

2.5

50

.45

.20

7.1

.21

.13

10.5

6.6

1.3

1.48

.044

.027

2.2

22.1

2.6

60

.61

.35

9.6

.34

.18

13.3

6.6

3.9

2.12

.075

.040

3.4

21.6

2.6

70

.76

.48

12.1

.45

.23

15.1

6.6

6.2

2.61

.097

.050

4.2

20.4

2.4

80

.90

.61

14.5

.56

.27

16.3

6.6

7.8

2.96

.114

.055

4.7

18.8

2.2

90

1.04

.72

16.8

.65

.32

16.9

6.6

8.9

3.16

.122

.060

910

0.8

22.2

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.9

.21

.13

11.1

7.1

1.4

1.53

.047

.029

2.2

23.5

2.6

60

.61

.35

9.1

.32

.17

14.1

7.1

4.1

2.14

.075

.040

3.4

22.9

2.5

70

.76

.48

11.3

.42

.22

16.0

7.1

6.6

2.59

.096

.050

4.2

21.6

2.4

80

.90

.61

13.5

.51

.26

17.3

7.1

8.3

2.92

.110

.056

4.7

20.0

2.2

90

1.04

.72

15.6

.60

.30

18.0

7.1

9.5

3.12

.120

.060

980

0.8

23.5

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.7

.20

.13

11.8

7.5

1.4

1.57

.047

.031

2.2

24.8

2.5

60

.61

.35

8.7

.30

.17

14.9

7.5

4.4

2.16

.074

.042

3.4

24.2

2.5

70

.76

.48

10.7

.39

.20

16.9

7.5

6.9

2.59

.094

.048

4.2

22.9

2.3

80

.90

.61

12.6

.47

.24

18.3

7.5

8.8

2.89

.108

.055

4.7

21.1

2.2

90

1.04

.72

14.5

.56

.28

19.0

7.5

10.0

3.06

.118

.059

1,050

0.8

24.7

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.6

.20

.13

12.4

7.9

1.5

1.63

.049

.032

2.2

26.1

2.5

60

.61

.35

8.3

.28

.16

15.7

7.9

4.6

2.17

.073

.042

3.4

25.5

2.4

70

.76

.48

10.1

.37

.20

17.9

7.9

7.3

2.58

.094

.051

4.2

24.1

2.3

80

.90

.61

11.9

.44

.23

19.3

7.9

9.3

2.87

.106

.055

4.7

22.2

2.1

90

1.04

.72

13.6

.51

.26

20.0

7.9

10.5

3.02

.113

.058

1,120

0.8

25.9

2.3

50

.45

.20

6.5

.19

.13

13.0

8.2

1.6

1.68

.049

.034

2.2

27.4

2.4

60

.61

.35

8.0

.27

.16

16.4

8.2

4.8

2.19

.074

.044

3.4

26.8

2.4

70

.76

.48

9.6

.34

.19

18.8

8.2

7.7

2.57

.091

.051

4.2

25.3

2.3

80

.90

.61

11.2

.41

.22

20.2

8.2

9.7

2.83

.104

.056

4.7

23.3

2.1

90

1.04

.72

12.8

.48

.25

21.0

8.2

11.1

2.98

.112

.058

1Multiply expected mature bull weight by 0.60 for weight to use for growing yearling bull

21,000 to 1,400 lb at finishing (28 percent body fat) or maturity (replacement heifers)

3BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, ADG = average daily gain, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, NEg = net energy for gain, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

Table 14. Nutrient requirements of growing and mature bulls.1,2

Animal Description

Dry Matter Intake (DMI)

Diet Nutrient Density

Daily Nutrients per Animal

Body weight, lb

ADG, lb

DMI, lb/day

DMI, % of BW

TDN, % DM

NEm, Mcal/lb

NEg, Mcal/lb

CP, % DM

Ca, % DM

P, % DM

TDN, lb

NEm, Mcal

NEg, Mcal

CP, lb

Ca, lb

P,lb

1,700 lb mature weight

900

0.4

22.0

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.0

.16

.11

11.0

8.0

0.9

1.32

.036

.025

1.6

23.3

2.6

60

.61

.35

7.3

.23

.14

14.0

8.0

3.5

1.71

.054

.032

2.5

22.7

2.5

70

.76

.48

8.8

.30

.16

15.9

8.0

5.8

1.99

.068

.037

3.1

21.5

2.4

80

.90

.61

10.2

.36

.19

17.2

8.0

7.6

2.19

.077

.041

1,000

0.4

23.8

2.4

50

.45

.20

5.9

.16

.11

11.9

8.7

1.0

1.40

.039

.027

1.6

25.2

2.5

60

.61

.35

6.9

.22

.13

15.1

8.7

3.8

1.74

.055

.033

2.5

24.6

2.5

70

.76

.48

8.1

.27

.15

17.2

8.7

6.3

1.99

.067

.038

3.1

23.2

2.3

80

.90

.61

9.3

.32

.18

18.6

8.7

8.2

2.16

.074

.041

1,100

0.4

25.6

2.3

50

.45

.20

5.8

.16

.11

12.8

9.4

1.0

1.48

.041

.029

1.6

27.0

2.5

60

.61

.35

6.6

.20

.13

16.2

9.4

4.1

1.78

.055

.034

2.5

26.4

2.4

70

.76

.48

7.5

.25

.14

18.5

9.4

6.8

1.99

.065

.038

3.1

24.9

2.3

80

.90

.61

8.6

.29

.16

19.9

9.4

8.8

2.13

.072

.041

1,200

0.4

27.3

2.3

50

.45

.20

5.7

.16

.11

13.7

10.0

1.1

1.55

.044

.031

1.6

28.9

2.4

60

.61

.35

6.3

.19

.12

17.3

10.0

4.4

1.81

.056

.036

2.5

28.2

2.4

70

.76

.48

7.1

.23

.14

19.7

10.0

7.2

1.99

.064

.039

3.1

26.6

2.2

80

.90

.61

7.9

.26

.15

21.3

10.0

9.4

2.10

.069

.041

1,300

0.4

29.0

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.6

.16

.11

14.5

10.6

1.2

1.63

.046

.033

1.6

30.7

2.4

60

.61

.35

6.0

.19

.12

18.4

10.6

4.6

1.85

.057

.037

1,400

0.4

30.7

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.5

.16

.11

15.4

11.2

1.2

1.70

.049

.035

1.6

32.4

2.3

60

.61

.35

5.8

.18

.12

19.4

11.2

4.9

1.88

.057

.039

1,500

0.4

32.3

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.5

.16

.11

16.2

11.8

1.3

1.77

.051

.037

1.6

34.1

2.3

60

.61

.35

5.6

.17

.12

20.5

11.8

5.1

1.92

.058

.040

1,600

0.4

33.9

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.4

.16

.12

17.0

12.4

1.4

1.84

.054

.039

1.6

35.8

2.2

60

.61

.35

5.4

.16

.11

21.5

12.4

5.4

1.95

.059

.041

1,700

0.0

32.9

1.9

46

.39

.00

5.6

.16

.12

15.1

13.0

0.0

1.83

.052

.040

1.6

35.5

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.4

.16

.12

17.8

13.0

1.4

1.91

.056

.041

2,000 lb mature weight

1,000

0.5

23.8

2.4

50

.45

.20

6.1

.17

.12

11.9

8.7

1.0

1.44

.041

.028

1.7

25.2

2.5

60

.61

.35

7.5

.25

.14

15.1

8.7

3.8

1.89

.062

.036

2.8

24.6

2.5

70

.76

.48

9.1

.32

.17

17.2

8.7

6.3

2.23

.078

.043

3.5

23.2

2.3

80

.90

.61

10.5

.38

.20

18.6

8.7

8.2

2.46

.088

.047

1,100

0.5

25.6

2.3

50

.45

.20

5.9

.17

.12

12.8

9.4

1.0

1.52

.043

.030

1.7

27.0

2.5

60

.61

.35

7.1

.23

.14

16.2

9.4

4.1

1.92

.062

.037

2.8

26.4

2.4

70

.76

.48

8.4

.29

.16

18.5

9.4

6.8

2.22

.076

.043

3.5

24.9

2.3

80

.90

.61

9.8

.35

.19

19.9

9.4

8.8

2.43

.086

.047

1,200

0.5

27.3

2.3

50

.45

.20

5.8

.17

.12

13.7

10.0

1.1

1.59

.046

.032

1.7

28.9

2.4

60

.61

.35

6.8

.22

.13

17.3

10.0

4.3

1.96

.063

.039

2.8

28.2

2.4

70

.76

.48

7.9

.27

.16

19.7

10.0

7.2

2.22

.075

.044

3.5

26.6

2.2

80

.90

.61

9.0

.32

.18

21.3

10.0

9.4

2.40

.084

.047

1,300

0.5

29.0

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.8

.17

.12

14.5

10.6

1.2

1.67

.048

.034

1.7

30.7

2.4

60

.61

.35

6.5

.21

.13

18.4

10.6

4.6

2.00

.063

.040

2.8

30.0

2.3

70

.76

.48

7.4

.25

.15

21.0

10.6

7.7

2.22

.074

.044

3.5

28.3

2.2

80

.90

.61

8.4

.29

.17

22.6

10.6

10.0

2.38

.081

.047

1,400

0.5

30.7

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.7

.16

.12

15.4

11.2

1.2

1.74

.051

.036

1.7

32.4

2.3

60

.61

.35

6.3

.20

.13

19.4

11.2

4.9

2.03

.064

.041

1,500

0.5

32.3

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.6

.16

.12

16.2

11.8

1.3

1.81

.053

.038

1.7

34.1

2.3

60

.61

.35

6.0

.19

.13

20.5

11.8

5.1

2.06

.065

.043

1,600

0.5

33.9

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.5

.17

.12

17.0

12.4

1.4

1.88

.056

.040

1.7

35.8

2.2

60

.61

.35

5.8

.18

.12

21.5

12.4

5.4

2.09

.066

.044

1,700

0.5

35.5

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.5

.16

.12

17.8

13.0

1.4

1.95

.058

.042

1.7

37.5

2.2

60

.61

.35

5.7

.18

.12

22.5

13.0

5.6

2.13

.066

.046

1,800

0.5

37.0

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.5

.16

.12

18.5

13.5

1.5

2.02

.061

.044

1.7

39.1

2.2

60

.61

.35

5.5

.17

.12

23.5

13.5

5.9

2.16

.067

.047

1,900

0.5

38.6

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.4

.16

.12

19.3

14.1

1.5

2.09

.063

.047

1.7

40.8

2.1

60

.61

.35

5.4

.17

.12

24.5

14.1

6.1

2.19

.068

.049

2,000

0.0

37.2

1.9

46

.39

.00

5.6

.17

.13

17.1

14.6

0.0

2.07

.062

.047

0.5

40.1

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.2

.16

.12

20.1

14.6

1.6

2.15

.065

.049

2,300 lb mature weight

1,200

0.5

27.3

2.3

50

.45

.20

6.0

.18

.12

13.7

10.0

1.1

1.63

.048

.032

1.9

28.9

2.4

60

.61

.35

7.3

.24

.14

17.3

10.0

4.4

2.10

.070

.041

3.0

28.2

2.4

70

.76

.48

8.7

.30

.17

19.7

10.0

7.2

2.45

.086

.048

3.8

26.6

2.2

80

.90

.61

10.1

.36

.20

21.3

10.0

9.4

2.68

.097

.052

1,300

0.5

29.0

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.9

.17

.12

14.5

10.6

1.2

1.71

.050

.035

1.9

30.7

2.4

60

.61

.35

7.0

.23

.14

18.4

10.6

4.6

2.14

.070

.043

3.0

30.0

2.3

70

.76

.48

8.2

.28

.16

21.0

10.6

7.7

2.45

.085

.049

3.8

28.3

2.2

80

.90

.61

9.4

.34

.19

22.6

10.6

10.0

2.66

.095

.053

1,400

0.5

30.7

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.8

.17

.12

15.4

11.2

1.2

1.78

.052

.037

1.9

32.4

2.3

60

.61

.35

6.7

.22

.14

19.4

11.2

4.9

2.17

.071

.044

3.0

31.7

2.3

70

.76

.48

7.7

.26

.15

22.2

11.2

8.1

2.45

.084

.049

3.8

29.9

2.1

80

.90

.61

8.8

.31

.18

23.9

11.2

12.5

2.64

.092

.053

1,500

0.5

32.3

2.2

50

.45

.20

5.7

.17

.12

16.2

11.8

1.3

1.85

.055

.039

1.9

34.1

2.3

60

.61

.35

6.5

.21

.13

20.5

11.8

5.2

2.20

.072

.045

1,600

0.5

33.9

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.7

.17

.12

17.0

12.4

1.4

1.92

.058

.041

1.9

35.8

2.2

60

.61

.35

6.3

.20

.13

21.5

12.4

5.4

2.24

.072

.047

1,700

0.5

35.5

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.6

.17

.12

17.8

13.0

1.4

1.99

.060

.043

1.9

37.5

2.2

60

.61

.35

6.1

.19

.13

22.5

13.0

5.7

2.27

.073

.048

1,800

0.5

37.0

2.1

50

.45

.20

5.6

.17

.12

18.5

13.5

1.5

2.06

.063

.045

1.9

39.1

2.2

60

.61

.35

5.9

.19

.13

23.5

13.5

5.9

2.30

.074

.050

1,900

0.5

38.6

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.5

.17

.12

19.3

14.1

1.5

2.13

.065

.047

1.9

40.8

2.1

60

.61

.35

5.7

.18

.13

24.5

14.1

6.2

2.33

.075

.051

2,000

0.5

40.1

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.5

.17

.12

20.1

14.6

1.6

2.19

.067

.050

1.9

42.3

2.1

60

.61

.35

5.6

.18

.13

25.4

14.6

6.4

2.36

.075

.053

2,100

0.5

41.6

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.4

.17

.13

20.8

15.2

1.7

2.26

.070

.052

1.9

43.9

2.1

60

.61

.35

5.5

.17

.12

26.3

15.2

6.6

2.40

.076

.054

2,200

0.5

43.1

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.4

.17

.13

21.6

15.7

1.7

2.32

.072

.054

1.9

45.5

2.1

60

.61

.35

5.3

.17

.12

27.3

15.7

6.9

2.42

.077

.056

2,300

0.0

44.5

1.9

46

.39

.00

5.2

.16

.12

20.5

16.3

0.0

2.30

.071

.054

0.5

47.0

2.0

50

.45

.20

5.1

.16

.12

23.5

16.3

1.8

2.39

.075

.056

1For bulls that are at least 12 months of age and weigh more than 50 percent of their mature weight

2BW = total body weight = shrunk body weight or 96% full body weight, ADG = average daily gain, TDN = total digestible nutrients, NEm = net energy for maintenance, NEg = net energy for gain, CP = crude protein, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus

Source: NRC, 2000. Adapted from NRC Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 7th revised edition.

 

For more information on beef cattle nutrient requirements, contact your local MSU Extension office.

 

References

Arthington, J. D., S. D. Eicher, W. E. Kunkle, & F. G. Martin. 2003. Effect of transportation and commingling on the acute-phase protein response, growth, and feed intake of newly weaned beef calves. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 1120–1125.

Arthur, P. F., J. A. Archer, D. J. Johnston, R. M. Herd, E. C. Richardson, & P. F. Parnell. 2001. Genetic and phenotypic variance and covariance components for feed intake, feed efficiency, and other postweaning traits in Angus cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 79: 2805–2811.

Erickson, G. E., C. T. Milton, K. C. Fanning, R. J. Cooper, R. S. Swingle, J. C. Parrott, G. Vogel, & T. J. Klopfenstein. 2003. Interaction between bunk management and monensin concentration on finishing performance, feeding behavior, and ruminal metabolism during an acidosis challenge with feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 2869–2879.

Fox, D. G., C. J. Sniffen, & J. D. O’Connor. 1988. Adjusting nutrient requirements of beef cattle for animal and environmental variations. J. Anim. Sci. 66: 1475–1495.

Gadberry, S. 2002. Extension Bulletin MP 391. Beef Cattle Nutrition Series Part 3: Nutrient Requirement Tables. University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. Little Rock, AR.

Galyean, M. L., & P. J. Defoor. 2003. Effects of roughage source and level on intake by feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 81: E8–E16.

Galyean, M. L., K. J. Malcolm, & G. C. Duff. 1992. Performance of feedlot steers fed diets containing laidlomycin propionate or monensin plus tylosin, and effects of laidlomycin propionate concentration on intake patterns and ruminal fermentation in beef steers during adaptation to a high-concentrate diet. J. Anim. Sci. 70: 2950–2958.

Hibbard, C. A. & T. A. Thrift. 1992. J. Anim. Sci. 70: (Suppl. 2). (Abstr.).

Lalman, D. 2004. E-974. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service. Stillwater, OK.

National Research Council. 2000. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. 7th Revised Edition, 1996: Update 2000. National Academy Press. Washington, D. C.

National Research Council. 1987. Predicting Feed Intake of Food-Producing Animals. National Academy Press. Washington, D. C.

Rumsey, T. S., A. C. Hammond, & J. P. McMurtry. 1992. Response to reimplanting beef steers with estradiol benzoate and progesterone: performance, implant absorption pattern, and thyroxine status. J. Anim. Sci. 70: 995–1001.

Taylor, R. E. 1994. Beef production and management decisions. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, NJ.

 

The information given here is for educational purposes only. References to commercial products, trade names, or suppliers are made with the understanding that no endorsement is implied and that no discrimination against other products or suppliers is intended.


Publication 2528 (POD-05-23)

Reviewed by Brandi Karisch, PhD, Associate Extension/Research Professor, Animal and Dairy Science. Written by Jane Parish, PhD, Professor and Head, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center.

Department: Animal & Dairy Science
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Beef cattle
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Beef Cattle, Nutrition, Management, Health

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