Beef Cattle Behavior and Handling

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Understanding beef cattle behavior is essential for safe and low-stress handling, which benefits both animals and handlers. Cattle rely on senses like vision, hearing, smell, and touch to interpret their environment, and handlers should use quiet, calm methods that respect cattle flight zones and points of balance to move animals efficiently. Proper handling minimizes stress, leading to better cattle health, performance, and safety.

This publication covers cattle self-defense behaviors such as kicking and butting and stresses the importance of maintaining a safe environment for handlers with well-designed facilities. Temperament plays a critical role in cattle management, with scoring systems used to evaluate and select for calmer animals to reduce risks and improve production outcomes.

It describes key practices to reduce stress during handling, including working cattle in groups, avoiding loud noises or sudden lighting changes, and limiting the use of electric prods. Facility design should provide safe footing, proper restraint, and minimal hazards. The code of cattle care emphasizes humane treatment, adequate feed and water, and proper training for handlers.

You can also contact state Extension specialists or your local Extension office for answers to specific questions.

The information given here is for educational purposes only. References to commercial products, trade names, or suppliers are made with the understanding that no endorsement is implied and that no discrimination against other products or suppliers is intended.

Publication 2801 (POD-09-25)

By Brandi B. Karisch, PhD, Associate Extension/Research Professor, Animal and Dairy Sciences; Jane A. Parish, PhD, Professor and Head, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center; and Rhonda C. Vann, PhD, Research Professor, Animal and Dairy Sciences.